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53/53 MCQs for:
GCE A-Level 2023
Which of the following is Oppositional inference?
Conversion.
Contraposition.
Inversion.
Contrariety.
Identify the form of education in which given (S is P) the derived becomes (non-P is non-S):
Inversion.
Contraposition.
Obversion.
Conversion.
Which fallacy is most clearly committed in the following argument., All teachers are politicians, All politicians are rebels. Therefore, all rebels are teachers?
Undistributed middle.
Illicit major.
Excluded premises.
Illicit minor.
Identify the Fallacy in the following syllogism: All neutrons are atomic sub-particles All neutrons are protons Therefore all protons are atomic sub-particles
Undistributed middle term.
Exclusive premises.
Illicit process of the major term.
Illicit process of the minor term.
Identify the Fallacy most clearly committed in the following argument. Adamu is an excellent driver because he has never had an accident.
Sequential false clause.
Begging the question.
Missing the point.
False clause.
Given the premise Either this examination is difficult or the candidates are lazy Identify the conclusion of a valid disjunctive syllogism:
The examination is not difficult.
The examination is difficult and the candidates are lazy.
The candidates are not lazy.
The candidates are lazy.
Identify the order of enthymeme in the following All humans are fallible and all popes are human
Third order.
Second order and Third order.
First order.
Second order.
A Sorites is considered Aristotelian because it is in:
Figure 1.
Figure 4.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
The procedure of the dilemma which denies the first premise is:
Grasping the horns of a dilemma.
Rebutting a dilemma.
Escaping between the horns of a dilemma.
Refuting the dilemma.
The relation of the statement from p ⊃~ q on the truth-table is:
Tautologous.
Contingent.
Equivalent.
Contradictory.
A contingent compound statement means that:
It is sometimes true, sometimes false.
It is always true.
It must not be true. cim.
It is necessarily false.
The statement (A ∨ B) ≡ ~(A · ~B) can be adequately applicable to which rule of inference ?
DeMorgan's Theorem.
Associativity.
Tautology,.
Commutativity.
DeMorgan's Theorem establishes a rule for.
The equivalence Disjunction and negation.
The equivalence of Disjunction and Conjunction.
The equivalence of conjunction and implication.
The equivalence of negation and implication.
The following: 'Only women are traders' (Wx: x is woman); (Tx: x is a trader) is symbolised in predicate logic as:
(x) (Tx ⊃ Wx).
(x) (Wx ⊃ Tx).
(∃x) (Wx · Tx).
(∃x) (Tx · Wx).
In predicate logic symbolisation, parentheses around propositional functions means:
Variations are bound.
Constants are free.
Variables are free.
Connectives are bound..
Which of these is a religious function of myths?
Prescribe social reality.
Provides norms plus standard.
Elevates man's intellect.
Teaches religious values.
Monism is considered as a characteristic of the Pre-Socratics mainly because they:
Consider one substance as the 'Arche'.
Rejected mythological speculation.
Speculated about the universe.
Sought for the primary stuff of the universe.
Which of these doctrines is attributed to Protagoras?
'Man is the measure of all things…'.
Logos is a powerful master … accomplishes most divine deeds'.
'The man neither exist nothingness'.
'Justice is a matter of not transgressing what the law prescribes'.
Knowledge according to Socrates is gotten by a process of rational conversation known as the:
Socratic irony.
Dialectics.
Elenchus.
Maieutic.
In Plato's analogy of the Divided Line, which modes of thoughts are related respectively to images and the forms?
Imaging and thinking.
Imaging and perfect intelligence.
Belief and thinking.
Belief and perfect intelligence.
The being of a thing according to Aristotle is?
Matter.
Substance.
Metaphysics.
Form.
For Aquinas, Faith and Reason are:
Mutually dependent.
Hierarchically dependent.
Independent of each other.
Mutually exclusive.
According to Locke, the forms of experience are:
Sensation and intuition.
Sensation and Reflection.
Demonstrative and intuitive.
Primary and secondary.
The first indubitable truth discovered by Descartes' methodic doubt is:
I think therefore I am.
God exists.
I am.
Material things exist.
Anaximenes' insight is that:
Difference in the quality of our account for different kinds of things.
Difference in the quality of our account for the money existing things.
Evaporation and condensation are cyclic.
Air can change its state.
With Pythagoras, number is the 'Arche' because:
All things are made of numbers.
Harmony results from numerical ratios.
There are numbers in everything.
There is harmony in the universe.
Zeno's Achilles argument presupposes:
An Infinite divisibility of time and limitation of space.
An Infinite divisibility of space and limitations of time.
That space and time are.
That space and time are finite.
The shifting focus of the discourse of philosophy in Africa was prompted by:
Eboussi Boulaga's Problematique bantou.
Hegel's Philosophy of History.
Paulin Houtondji's African Philosophy. Myth or Reality.
Placide Tempels' Bantu Philosophy.
The thought systems of particular African communities considered as a philosophy can best be described as:
African sagacity.
African philosophy.
Professional philosophy.
Ethno-philosophy.
Which of Oruka's sages describes his notion of African wisdom?
The philosophy sage.
The folk sage.
The Ethnic sage.
The cultural sage.
Which of the following is critical of the Nationalist ideological trend of African philosophy?
It strives to promote African liberation.
It focuses on the valorisation of the Africans.
It has a strictly political orientation.
It asserts the existence of a strictly African philosophy.
Which of the following pairs were proponents of Pan-Africanism?
Kwasi Wiredu and William Du Bois.
William Du Bois and Kwame Nkurumah.
Kwasi Wiredu and Marcus Garvey.
Marcus Garvey and Paulin Hountondji.
Which Cameroonian philosopher was an ardent critic of ethno-philosophy?
Marcien Towa.
Juléat Basil Fouda.
Eboussi Boulaga.
Njoh Mouelle.
By asserting that Africans are notoriously religious, Mbiti meant that:
They are essentially monotheists.
Their world view is completely immersed in religious thinking.
They believe in the existence of the supreme being.
They are pantheists.
Critics of witchcraft generally focus their arguments on the fact that:
It is open only to the initiated.
It is not based on universal principles.
It is more psychological than real.
It is not based on empirical evidence.
Which of the following is FALSE about African epistemology?
Normative epistemology.
Social epistemology.
Indigenous epistemology.
Specific epistemology.
One of the distinguishing elements of Africa indigenous democracy is:
Absence of political parties.
Experience of checks and balances.
Consensual deliberation.
The winner takes it all.
One of the main distinctions between African and Western conception of personhood is:
Hierarchical versus relational.
Plural versus dual.
Communitarian versus.
Individualistic versus relational.
What is the relevance of African philosophy?
It has led to nationalist ideological thinking.
It has rejected Eurocentrism.
It has promoted African indigenous thinking.
It has led to conceptual decolonisation.
Two determinants of a moral act are?
Freedom and responsibility.
Willingness and volition.
Knowledge and volition.
Volition and responsibility.
When ignorance cannot be overcome it is called?
Consequent.
Vincible.
Invincible.
Antecedent.
Which of these is a WEAK argument against violence?
The slippery slope argument.
Violence violates the sanity of life principles.
Violence leads to destruction of the fabric of society.
Violence checks off tyrannical systems.
Which of the following is a negative function of the state?
The state exacts obedience and unconditional subordination.
The state is a control-valve of uncontrollable action.
The state defines the human being leading to human wellbeing.
The state guarantees the individual liberty.
The characteristics of Aristocracy and Tyranny respectively are:
Freedom and wealthy few.
Excellence and one man rule.
Private interest and Excellence.
Freedom for all and the wealthy few.
Codified laws governing societies adequately refers to:
External law.
Human law.
National law.
Positive law.
The assertion that everything in the universe has a soul is:
Deism.
Agnosticism.
Animism.
Pantheism.
The causal and design arguments for God's existence are described as:
Cosmological and Ontological argument.
Teleological and cosmological argument.
Cosmological and Teleological argument.
Teleological and Ontological argument.
Moral evil is rooted in:
Man's exercise of his responsibility.
God's abandonment of the universe.
Man's exercise of his freewill.
God's goodness.
Which doctrine holds that after the death of the body the soul is not certain to survive?
Immortality.
Beatific vision.
Metempsychosis.
Transfiguration.
To Peirce, the method by which thought can fix beliefs is the:
Method of tenacity.
Method of authority.
Method of science.
Method of metaphysics.
To say that 'the law is an impediment to human freedom' means:
The law promotes human freedom.
The law enhances one's freedom.
The law is an obstacle to human freedom.
Man is free in the presence of the law.
To say that philosophy makes an inquiry into all fundamental issues and questions will most correctly mean philosophy is:
Analytical.
Rational.
Critical.
Skeptical.
One of the fundamental values of philosophy is that:
It liberates the body from physical imprisonment.
It permits us to have informed religious beliefs.
It liberates the mind from prejudices.
It creates subversion in the individual.
