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It' i's revision time, take Philosophy - GCE A-Level 2021.
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50/50 MCQs for:
GCE A-Level 2021.
Given that 'No ghosts are mortals', is True, which of the following is true and false respectively?
Some ghosts are mortals and some ghosts are not mortals.
Some ghosts are not mortals and some ghosts are mortals.
All ghosts are mortals and some ghosts are mortals.
All ghosts are mortals and some ghosts are not mortals.
When from a given proposition another is derived having as its subjects the contradictory of the predicate of the original proposition, it is known as:
Obversion.
Conversion.
Contraposition.
Inversión.
Select the most appropriate statement below:
Only inferences having two premises are syllogisms.
Only inferences having premises are syllogisms.
All syllogisms are arguments, but not all arguments are syllogisms.
All syllogisms are inferences, but not all inferences are syllogisms.
Which Fallacies are most clearly committed in following syllogisms? **NINO**
Illicit process of the Minor Term and Undistributed Middle Term.
Illicit process of the Minor Term, and Exclusive premises.
Exclusive premises and undistributed middle term.
Undistributed Middle Term and Exclusive premises.
Which one of the following is FALSE?
Moods AEE and EAE are valid in the first figures.
Moods AAA and EIO are valid in the first figure.
Moods AAA and EAE are valid in the first figure.
Moods EAE and AII are valid in the first figure.
The diagram below can be adequately read off as:
Some teachers are easy graders. Some professors are teachers. Therefore professors are easy graders.
Some easy graders are professors. All teachers are professors. Therefore some teachers are easy graders.
Some teachers are easy graders. All teachers are professors. Therefore some teachers are easy graders.
All professors are teachers. Some professors are easy graders. Therefore some teachers are easy graders.
The pure Hypothetical Syllogisms is valid when the antecedent of the conclusion is the:
Consequent of the major premise.
Antecedent of the minor premise.
Antecedent of the major premise.
Consequent of the minor premise.
When a dilemma is affirmative and has a categorical conclusion on the one hand and on The other hand it is negative in quality, and has a disjunctive conclusion; these can best be considered respectively as:
The Simple Destructive Dilemma and the Complex Constructive Dilemma.
The Simple Destructive Dilemma and Complex constructive Dilemma.
The Simple Constructive Dilemma and the Complex Constructive Dilemma.
The Simple Destructive Dilemma and the Complex destructive Dilemma.
Which one of the following is clearly FALSE about Fallacies?
Deceptive arguments.
Mistaken beliefs.
Violation of logical roles.
Counterfeit arguments.
Select the Fallacy most clearly committed in the argument below: 'terminally ill patient, have a right to doctor's assisted suicide after all, many of these people are unable to commit suicide by themselves'.
Petitio Principii.
Argumentum ad Ignorantiam.
Ignorantiam Elenchi.
Ad Misericordiam.
Which fallacy is most clearly committed in the following argument 'My experience with All Sailors I have done business with, shows that they are dishonest so it is clear to me that this Sailor is also dishonest'?
Fallacy of converse accident.
Argumentum ad Populum.
Fallacy of Division.
Fallacy of Accident.
Which of these valid arguments forms inference is a Modus Ponens (MP)?
p ⊃ q q ⊃ rl ∵ p ⊃ r.
p ∨ q ~p ∴ q.
p ⊃ q pl ∴ q.
pl ∴ q ~pl ∴ ~q.
The statement; (Y ⊃ ~B) · (B · Y) can adequately be determined by the Truth Table as:
Contradictory.
Tautologous.
Contingent.
Logical equivalence.
The 'statement some politicians are dishonest' can best be translated into logical notation of propositional functions as
(∃x) Px · ~Dx).
(X) (Px ⊂ Dx).
(x) Px ⊃ ~Dx).
∃ x (Px · Dx).
'Change in things is manifested in the process of separation' 'Reality is characterised by the concept of performance, given that change is an absurdity' These two assertions are respectively attributed to:
Anaximander and Parmenides.
Anaximander and Zeno.
Anaximenes and Parmenides.
Thales and Zeno.
Which of these two paradoxes are used by Zeno to prove the impossibility of motion?
The relativity of motion and racecourse.
The Flying Arrow and the Millet Seed.
The Flying Arrows and the Stadium.
Achilles and tortoise and the Millet Seed.
The maxim 'Man is the measure of all things', was initially advanced by:
Protagoras the relativist.
Gorgias the nihilist.
Socrates the virtuous.
Polemarchus the conventionalist.
Which of the following are the best descriptions of Socrates dialectics?
Analytical and deductive.
Contradiction and methodological doubt.
Critical and inductive.
Conversational and conceptual.
The process in Plato's Epistemology whereby the prisoner leaves the cave to attain indubitable knowledge is known as:
Conversion of the soul.
The Descending Dialectics.
The Allegory of the Cave.
The Ascending Dialectics.
According to Aristotle the power that a thing has to become something refers to
Entelechy.
Actuality.
Potentiality.
Change.
Which of these proofs of God's existence by Aquinas are based on the principle of Causality?
Proof from contingency and orderliness.
Proof from motion and efficient cause.
Proof from motion and necessity.
Proof from perfection and efficient cause.
According to John Locke the origin of ideas is:
Experience.
Intuition.
Substance.
Sensation.
In an ascending order which of those sets adequately represents the Cartesian Rules of Methods:
Clarity and distinction, analysis, synthesis, enumeration.
Clarity and synthesis, analysis, enumeration.
Analysis, Clarity and distinctness, Enumeration, synthesis.
Enumeration, Clarity and distinctness, analysis, synthesis.
The Marxist view that human existence is a class struggle between the Proletariat and the Bourgeoisie Classes is:
Ideological materialism.
Philosophical materialism.
Dialectical materialism.
Historical materialism.
Two of Peirce's methods of fixing beliefs that on one hand relate to man's relationship with God and on the other hand relates to man's attachment to his emotions and passions respectively are:
Method of Tenacity and Method of science,.
Method of tenacity and Method of Metaphysics.
Method of science and Method of Authority.
Method of Authority and Method of Tenacity.
Kierkegaard is generally considered a theistic existentialist because;
He believes the central philosophical problem is sickness-unto-death.
He opines that philosophy must speak to anguished existence in an irrational world.
He considered the earth as a place of suffering, fear and dread.
It is only the subjective commitments to God that can grant relief.
By 'abandonment' J.P. Sartre means that:
There is no objective standard of value for we are responsible for what we are.
Human beings are condemned to be free since there is no divine plan.
There is no ultimate reason why things are the way they are and not some other way.
There is no common human nature or existence.
This apologetic 'literature or in defence of an African way of thinking and seeing the world different from European a way of seeing' is aptly qualified as:
Bantu Philosophy.
African Philosophy.
Pseudo- Philosophy.
Ethno- Philosophy.
Which of the following descriptions is True of the relationship of forces and beings in Africa cosmogony?
It is hierarchical.
It is interdependent.
It is cyclic.
It is mutual.
The notion of a 'vital force' as foundational to the world view of all Bantu-speaking peoples of Eastern and Central Africa was advocated by:
Tempels.
Gyekye.
Odera Oruka.
Hountondji.
The recognition of society as extension of the basic family unit as an attitude of mind that reaches back to 'tribal days' can aptly be qualified as:
Consciencism.
Communalism.
Pan Africanism.
Ujama'a.
The view that, 'our philosophy must find its weapons in the environment and living conditions of the African peoples', was basic of:
Pan Africanism.
Nyerere's Ujama'a.
Senghor's Negritude.
Nkrumah's consciencism.
Which of these Meditations deals principally with the human mind?
Third Meditation.
Second Meditation.
First Meditation.
Fourth Meditation.
Which of these is the most correct order of the arguments used by Descartes to open all our knowledge to doubts?
The evil demon, the dream and the deceiving God arguments.
The dream, the deceiving God and the evil argument.
The dream, the evil demon and the deceiving God arguments.
The deceiving God, the dream and the evil demon arguments.
The purpose of the 'Painter's Analogy' in The First Meditation is to show that:
The Complex sciences are doubtful.
Simple and general knowledge are unreliable.
The senses are deceitful.
Paintings are drawn from real events.
Which of these is FALSE about Descartes' conception of man?
A man is a rational animal.
A man is being with the body and the soul.
A man is a thinking thing.
A man is a being that fears God.
Which faculties, according to Descartes, combined are responsible for human error?
The understanding and the senses.
The imagination and senses.
The will and the understanding.
The imagination and the will.
One theory of knowledge attributes all of human knowledge to a divine authority, while the other attributes it to human intelligence. This statement respectively refers to:
Empiricism and Fideism.
Rationalism.
Empiricism.
Fidecism.
Which of the following 'principles of Aesthetic Appreciation' depict unity and brilliance?
Harmony and truthfulness.
Splendor and completeness.
Truthfulness and harmony.
Completeness and splendour.
Identify the pair that consists of Material and Spiritual culture respectively:
Music and religion.
Songs and Sculpture.
Dressing and music.
Sculpture and architecture.
Nietzsche's declaration that adequately implies that dead' most
Man should take his destiny in his hands.
God does not exist.
Humanity has been abandoned by God.
God lacks the attributes of omnipotence.
The argument that, any 'attempt to show any disbelief in God entails self-contradiction' and the proofs of God's existence from motion, causation and contingency are generally considered as:
Cosmological and ontological.
Ontological and cosmological.
Ontological and teleological.
Teleological and cosmological.
The doctrine that holds that after death, the body and the soul will reunite and continue to live for eternity is known as:
Immortality of the Soul.
Resurrection.
Transfiguration.
Reincarnation.
Which of these theories of the origin of man have a negative implication on the morality of the society?
Evolutionism.
Creationism.
Pantheism.
Emmanationism.
Which of the following is the FALSE Principle of Double Effect?
The act must be good in itself.
Good must not be obtained by means of an evil act.
There must be a grave reason for that act.
The act must be an end in itself not a means to an end.
Which three ethical principles and arguments below adequately militate in favour of the permissibility of violence?
Higher goods, and Sanctity of life.
Divine Command, Higher Good and Hippocratic Oath.
Sanctity of life and Double Effects and Malthusian Theory.
Self Defence, Higher Goods and Slippery Slopes.
A system of centralised government in which only one party rules without opposition is known as:
Dictatorship.
Totalitarianism.
Anarchy.
Oligarchy.
The theory of justice which advocates for equality for all men in the society is known as:
The Natural Right Theory.
The Positive Law Theory.
The Social Contract Theory.
The Social Good Theory.
'The wages of sin is death' and give to Caesar what is Caesar and to God, what is God's.
Retributive justice and distributive Justice.
Retributive justice and restorative justice.
Retributive justice and commutative Justice.
Retributive justice and social justice.
The declaration of Karl Jaspers that 'Philosophy is the courage to question the absolute' adequately implies that Philosophy is:
A Radical discipline.
A Radical discipline.
Critical discipline.
An Atheistic discipline.