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53/53 MCQs for:
GCE A-Level 2023
Which of the following is Oppositional inference?
Contrariety.
Conversion.
Inversion.
Contraposition.
Identify the form of education in which given (S is P) the derived becomes (non-P is non-S):
Obversion.
Conversion.
Inversion.
Contraposition.
Which fallacy is most clearly committed in the following argument., All teachers are politicians, All politicians are rebels. Therefore, all rebels are teachers?
Illicit minor.
Illicit major.
Excluded premises.
Undistributed middle.
Identify the Fallacy in the following syllogism: All neutrons are atomic sub-particles All neutrons are protons Therefore all protons are atomic sub-particles
Illicit process of the major term.
Undistributed middle term.
Exclusive premises.
Illicit process of the minor term.
Identify the Fallacy most clearly committed in the following argument. Adamu is an excellent driver because he has never had an accident.
Missing the point.
Begging the question.
False clause.
Sequential false clause.
Given the premise Either this examination is difficult or the candidates are lazy Identify the conclusion of a valid disjunctive syllogism:
The examination is not difficult.
The candidates are not lazy.
The candidates are lazy.
The examination is difficult and the candidates are lazy.
Identify the order of enthymeme in the following All humans are fallible and all popes are human
First order.
Third order.
Second order.
Second order and Third order.
A Sorites is considered Aristotelian because it is in:
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 2.
Figure 1.
The procedure of the dilemma which denies the first premise is:
Escaping between the horns of a dilemma.
Grasping the horns of a dilemma.
Rebutting a dilemma.
Refuting the dilemma.
The relation of the statement from p ⊃~ q on the truth-table is:
Contingent.
Contradictory.
Equivalent.
Tautologous.
A contingent compound statement means that:
It is sometimes true, sometimes false.
It is necessarily false.
It is always true.
It must not be true. cim.
The statement (A ∨ B) ≡ ~(A · ~B) can be adequately applicable to which rule of inference ?
DeMorgan's Theorem.
Associativity.
Tautology,.
Commutativity.
DeMorgan's Theorem establishes a rule for.
The equivalence Disjunction and negation.
The equivalence of negation and implication.
The equivalence of Disjunction and Conjunction.
The equivalence of conjunction and implication.
The following: 'Only women are traders' (Wx: x is woman); (Tx: x is a trader) is symbolised in predicate logic as:
(∃x) (Wx · Tx).
(x) (Wx ⊃ Tx).
(∃x) (Tx · Wx).
(x) (Tx ⊃ Wx).
In predicate logic symbolisation, parentheses around propositional functions means:
Variations are bound.
Constants are free.
Connectives are bound..
Variables are free.
Which of these is a religious function of myths?
Provides norms plus standard.
Elevates man's intellect.
Prescribe social reality.
Teaches religious values.
Monism is considered as a characteristic of the Pre-Socratics mainly because they:
Rejected mythological speculation.
Consider one substance as the 'Arche'.
Sought for the primary stuff of the universe.
Speculated about the universe.
Which of these doctrines is attributed to Protagoras?
'The man neither exist nothingness'.
Logos is a powerful master … accomplishes most divine deeds'.
'Justice is a matter of not transgressing what the law prescribes'.
'Man is the measure of all things…'.
Knowledge according to Socrates is gotten by a process of rational conversation known as the:
Elenchus.
Dialectics.
Socratic irony.
Maieutic.
In Plato's analogy of the Divided Line, which modes of thoughts are related respectively to images and the forms?
Belief and perfect intelligence.
Imaging and perfect intelligence.
Belief and thinking.
Imaging and thinking.
The being of a thing according to Aristotle is?
Matter.
Form.
Metaphysics.
Substance.
For Aquinas, Faith and Reason are:
Mutually dependent.
Hierarchically dependent.
Independent of each other.
Mutually exclusive.
According to Locke, the forms of experience are:
Sensation and Reflection.
Demonstrative and intuitive.
Sensation and intuition.
Primary and secondary.
The first indubitable truth discovered by Descartes' methodic doubt is:
Material things exist.
I am.
I think therefore I am.
God exists.
Anaximenes' insight is that:
Air can change its state.
Difference in the quality of our account for the money existing things.
Difference in the quality of our account for different kinds of things.
Evaporation and condensation are cyclic.
With Pythagoras, number is the 'Arche' because:
There are numbers in everything.
Harmony results from numerical ratios.
All things are made of numbers.
There is harmony in the universe.
Zeno's Achilles argument presupposes:
That space and time are.
An Infinite divisibility of space and limitations of time.
That space and time are finite.
An Infinite divisibility of time and limitation of space.
The shifting focus of the discourse of philosophy in Africa was prompted by:
Paulin Houtondji's African Philosophy. Myth or Reality.
Hegel's Philosophy of History.
Placide Tempels' Bantu Philosophy.
Eboussi Boulaga's Problematique bantou.
The thought systems of particular African communities considered as a philosophy can best be described as:
Ethno-philosophy.
African sagacity.
Professional philosophy.
African philosophy.
Which of Oruka's sages describes his notion of African wisdom?
The Ethnic sage.
The cultural sage.
The folk sage.
The philosophy sage.
Which of the following is critical of the Nationalist ideological trend of African philosophy?
It has a strictly political orientation.
It focuses on the valorisation of the Africans.
It strives to promote African liberation.
It asserts the existence of a strictly African philosophy.
Which of the following pairs were proponents of Pan-Africanism?
William Du Bois and Kwame Nkurumah.
Kwasi Wiredu and William Du Bois.
Kwasi Wiredu and Marcus Garvey.
Marcus Garvey and Paulin Hountondji.
Which Cameroonian philosopher was an ardent critic of ethno-philosophy?
Marcien Towa.
Eboussi Boulaga.
Njoh Mouelle.
Juléat Basil Fouda.
By asserting that Africans are notoriously religious, Mbiti meant that:
They believe in the existence of the supreme being.
They are pantheists.
Their world view is completely immersed in religious thinking.
They are essentially monotheists.
Critics of witchcraft generally focus their arguments on the fact that:
It is more psychological than real.
It is not based on universal principles.
It is open only to the initiated.
It is not based on empirical evidence.
Which of the following is FALSE about African epistemology?
Social epistemology.
Normative epistemology.
Specific epistemology.
Indigenous epistemology.
One of the distinguishing elements of Africa indigenous democracy is:
Absence of political parties.
Consensual deliberation.
Experience of checks and balances.
The winner takes it all.
One of the main distinctions between African and Western conception of personhood is:
Individualistic versus relational.
Hierarchical versus relational.
Communitarian versus.
Plural versus dual.
What is the relevance of African philosophy?
It has led to conceptual decolonisation.
It has promoted African indigenous thinking.
It has rejected Eurocentrism.
It has led to nationalist ideological thinking.
Two determinants of a moral act are?
Freedom and responsibility.
Knowledge and volition.
Willingness and volition.
Volition and responsibility.
When ignorance cannot be overcome it is called?
Antecedent.
Consequent.
Vincible.
Invincible.
Which of these is a WEAK argument against violence?
Violence violates the sanity of life principles.
The slippery slope argument.
Violence checks off tyrannical systems.
Violence leads to destruction of the fabric of society.
Which of the following is a negative function of the state?
The state guarantees the individual liberty.
The state defines the human being leading to human wellbeing.
The state exacts obedience and unconditional subordination.
The state is a control-valve of uncontrollable action.
The characteristics of Aristocracy and Tyranny respectively are:
Freedom and wealthy few.
Private interest and Excellence.
Excellence and one man rule.
Freedom for all and the wealthy few.
Codified laws governing societies adequately refers to:
Human law.
Positive law.
National law.
External law.
The assertion that everything in the universe has a soul is:
Pantheism.
Deism.
Agnosticism.
Animism.
The causal and design arguments for God's existence are described as:
Cosmological and Ontological argument.
Teleological and cosmological argument.
Cosmological and Teleological argument.
Teleological and Ontological argument.
Moral evil is rooted in:
Man's exercise of his freewill.
Man's exercise of his responsibility.
God's goodness.
God's abandonment of the universe.
Which doctrine holds that after the death of the body the soul is not certain to survive?
Transfiguration.
Metempsychosis.
Beatific vision.
Immortality.
To Peirce, the method by which thought can fix beliefs is the:
Method of authority.
Method of tenacity.
Method of science.
Method of metaphysics.
To say that 'the law is an impediment to human freedom' means:
The law enhances one's freedom.
The law is an obstacle to human freedom.
The law promotes human freedom.
Man is free in the presence of the law.
To say that philosophy makes an inquiry into all fundamental issues and questions will most correctly mean philosophy is:
Critical.
Skeptical.
Analytical.
Rational.
One of the fundamental values of philosophy is that:
It liberates the mind from prejudices.
It liberates the body from physical imprisonment.
It permits us to have informed religious beliefs.
It creates subversion in the individual.
