For dative covalent bonding to occur, the acceptor atom (sometimes an ion) must need at least a __ to achieve the octet or duplet electronic structure.
On losing electrons, the metals atoms form
First statement: Ionic compounds are hard and brittle i.e. scatter when sharply hit. Second Statement: Their strong bonds are broken along planes when the compound is put under stress.
The force of attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the bonding atoms is called:
